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Rocket Report: Chinese national flies drone near Falcon 9, Trouble down under
“I am convinced that a collaboration between Avio and MaiaSpace could be established.”
Welcome to Edition 7.23 of the Rocket Report! We’re closing in on the end of the year, with a little less than three weeks remaining in 2024. Can you believe it? I hardly can. The biggest question left in launch is whether Blue Origin will make its deadline for launching New Glenn by the end of this year. It’s been a long-time goal of founder Jeff Bezos, but the clock is ticking. We wish them luck!
As always, we welcome reader submissions, and if you don’t want to miss an issue, please subscribe using the box below (the form will not appear on AMP-enabled versions of the site). Each report will include information on small-, medium-, and heavy-lift rockets as well as a quick look ahead at the next three launches on the calendar.
Virgin Galactic studies Italian spaceport. The US-based suborbital space tourism company said Thursday it has signed an “agreement of cooperation” with Italy’s civil aviation authority to study the feasibility of Virgin Galactic conducting spaceflight operations from Grottaglie Spaceport in the Puglia region of Southern Italy. Phase one of the study, anticipated to be completed in 2025, will examine Grottaglie’s airspace compatibility with Virgin Galactic’s requirements and unique flight profile.
Are LLMs capable of non-verbal reasoning?
Processing in the “latent space” could help AI with tricky logical questions.
Large language models have found great success so far by using their transformer architecture to effectively predict the next words (i.e., language tokens) needed to respond to queries. When it comes to complex reasoning tasks that require abstract logic, though, some researchers have found that interpreting everything through this kind of “language space” can start to cause some problems, even for modern “reasoning” models.
Now, researchers are trying to work around these problems by crafting models that can work out potential logical solutions completely in “latent space”—the hidden computational layer just before the transformer generates language. While this approach doesn’t cause a sea change in an LLM’s reasoning capabilities, it does show distinct improvements in accuracy for certain types of logical problems and shows some interesting directions for new research.
Wait, what space?
Modern reasoning models like ChatGPT’s o1 tend to work by generating a “chain of thought.” Each step of the logical process in these models is expressed as a sequence of natural language word tokens which are fed back through the model.
Character.AI steps up teen safety after bots allegedly caused suicide, self-harm
Character.AI’s new model for teens doesn’t resolve all of parents’ concerns.
Following a pair of lawsuits alleging that chatbots caused a teen boy’s suicide, groomed a 9-year-old girl, and caused a vulnerable teen to self-harm, Character.AI (C.AI) has announced a separate model just for teens, ages 13 and up, that’s supposed to make their experiences with bots safer.
In a blog, C.AI said it took a month to develop the teen model, with the goal of guiding the existing model “away from certain responses or interactions, reducing the likelihood of users encountering, or prompting the model to return, sensitive or suggestive content.”
C.AI said “evolving the model experience” to reduce the likelihood kids are engaging in harmful chats—including bots allegedly teaching a teen with high-functioning autism to self-harm and delivering inappropriate adult content to all kids whose families are suing—it had to tweak both model inputs and outputs.
Critical WordPress plugin vulnerability under active exploit threatens thousands
Vulnerability with severity rating of 9.8 out of possible 10 still live on >8,000 sites.
Thousands of sites running WordPress remain unpatched against a critical security flaw in a widely used plugin that was being actively exploited in attacks that allow for unauthenticated execution of malicious code, security researchers said.
The vulnerability, tracked as CVE-2024-11972, is found in Hunk Companion, a plugin that runs on 10,000 sites that use the WordPress content management system. The vulnerability, which carries a severity rating of 9.8 out of a possible 10, was patched earlier this week. At the time this post went live on Ars, figures provided on the Hunk Companion page indicated that less than 12 percent of users had installed the patch, meaning nearly 9,000 sites could be next to be targeted.
Significant, multifaceted threat
“This vulnerability represents a significant and multifaceted threat, targeting sites that use both a ThemeHunk theme and the Hunk Companion plugin,” Daniel Rodriguez, a researcher with WordPress security firm WP Scan, wrote. “With over 10,000 active installations, this exposed thousands of websites to anonymous, unauthenticated attacks capable of severely compromising their integrity.”
Report: AT&T, Verizon aren’t notifying most victims of Chinese call-records hack
Telcos reportedly aren’t telling users about call metadata taken in Chinese hack.
AT&T and Verizon reportedly are not notifying most customers whose call records were stolen in the ongoing attack attributed to Chinese hacking group Salt Typhoon. NBC News reported today that “the vast majority of people whose call records have been stolen by Chinese hackers have not been notified, according to industry sources, and there is no indication that most affected people will be notified in the near future.”
US government officials said last week that major telecom companies have been unable to fully evict the Chinese state-sponsored hackers from their networks. There have been direct notifications to specific targets, such as government officials, whose calls were listened to and whose text messages were accessed. “President-elect Donald Trump, Vice President-elect JD Vance, senior congressional staffers and an array of US security officials were among scores of individuals to have their calls and texts directly targeted,” The Wall Street Journal wrote.
For most other victims, the data accessed apparently didn’t include the contents of communications. It instead consisted of metadata like the numbers that phones called and when. These people are not receiving notifications from carriers, NBC News wrote today:
Generating power with a thin, flexible thermoelectric film
Device could be integrated into clothing, harvest body heat to power gadgets.
The No. 1 nuisance with smartphones and smartwatches is that we need to charge them every day. As warm-blooded creatures, however, we generate heat all the time, and that heat can be converted into electricity for some of the electronic gadgetry we carry.
Flexible thermoelectric devices, or F-TEDs, can convert thermal energy into electric power. The problem is that F-TEDs weren’t actually flexible enough to comfortably wear or efficient enough to power even a smartwatch. They were also very expensive to make.
But now, a team of Australian researchers thinks they finally achieved a breakthrough that might take F-TEDs off the ground.
Studies pin down exactly when humans and Neanderthals swapped DNA
We may owe our tiny sliver of Neanderthal DNA to just a couple of hundred Neanderthals.
Two recent studies suggest that the gene flow (as the young people call it these days) between Neanderthals and our species happened during a short period sometime between 50,000 and 43,500 years ago. The studies, which share several co-authors, suggest that our torrid history with Neanderthals may have been shorter than we thought.
Pinpointing exactly when Neanderthals met H. sapiens
Max Planck Institute of Evolutionary Anthropology scientist Leonardo Iasi and his colleagues examined the genomes of 59 people who lived in Europe between 45,000 and 2,200 years ago, plus those of 275 modern people whose ancestors hailed from all over the world. The researchers cataloged the segments of Neanderthal DNA in each person’s genome, then compared them to see where those segments appeared and how that changed over time and distance. This revealed how Neanderthal ancestry got passed around as people spread around the world and provided an estimate of when it all started.
“We tried to compare where in the genomes these [Neanderthal segments] occur and if the positions are shared among individuals or if there are many unique segments that you find [in people from different places],” said University of California Berkeley geneticist Priya Moorjani in a recent press conference. “We find the majority of the segments are shared, and that would be consistent with the fact that there was a single gene flow event.”
OpenAI introduces “Santa Mode” to ChatGPT for ho-ho-ho voice chats
An AI version of old St. Nick arrives as a seasonal character in popular chatbot app.
On Thursday, OpenAI announced that ChatGPT users can now talk to a simulated version of Santa Claus through the app’s voice mode, using AI to bring a North Pole connection to mobile devices, desktop apps, and web browsers during the holiday season.
The company added Santa’s voice and personality as a preset option in ChatGPT’s Advanced Voice Mode. Users can access Santa by tapping a snowflake icon next to the prompt bar or through voice settings. The feature works on iOS and Android mobile apps, chatgpt.com, and OpenAI’s Windows and MacOS applications. The Santa voice option will remain available to users worldwide until early January.
The conversations with Santa exist as temporary chats that won’t save to chat history or affect the model’s memory. OpenAI designed this limitation specifically for the holiday feature. Keep that in mind, because if you let your kids talk to Santa, the AI simulation won’t remember what kids have told it during previous conversations.
The optical disc onslaught continues, with LG quitting Blu-ray players
Streaming uncertainty has some people clinging to their discs.
Like with much of physical media, the onslaught against optical media is ongoing. In the latest hit against physical media fans, LG has discontinued its remaining Blu-ray players. However, this doesn’t spell the end for Blu-rays, which, in at least some categories, are seeing growing interest.
LG has no plans to make more Blu-ray players, FlatpanelsHD reported on Wednesday. Its most recent players, the UBK90 and UBK80, came out in 2018 and are no longer available for purchase on LG’s website. You can still find them at third-party retailers, but when stock runs out, LG won’t be replenishing. Trying to access LG’s “Blu-ray & DVD Players” webpage now results in a redirect to LG’s 4K TVs. We can take a hint, LG.
FlatpanelsHD spoke with LG Korea, which reportedly didn’t commit to a permanent exit from Blu-ray players. But for the foreseeable future, the company won’t be selling a type of device that it hasn’t updated in almost seven years.
Google steps into “extended reality” once again with Android XR
No pricing or availability, but there’s new competition in headsets and glasses.
Citing “years of investment in AI, AR, and VR,” Google is stepping into the augmented reality market once more with Android XR. It’s an operating system that Google says will power future headsets and glasses that “transform how you watch, work, and explore.”
The first version you’ll see is Project Moohan, a mixed reality headset built by Samsung. It will be available for purchase next year, and not much more is known about it. Developers have access to the new XR version of Android now.
“We’ve been in this space since Google Glass, and we have not stopped,” said Juston Payne, director of product at Google for XR in Android XR’s launch video. Citing established projects like Google Lens, Live View for Maps, instant camera translation, and, of course, Google’s general-purpose Gemini AI, XR promises to offer such overlays in both dedicated headsets and casual glasses.